Ukuqamba, ukuduma kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amandla e-hydrogen -- isifundo esiyisibonelo se-Ally Hi-Tech
Isixhumanisi sangempela:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/--dP1UU_LS4zg3ELdHr-Sw
Inothi lomhleli: Lesi isiqephu sokuqala esishicilelwe yi-akhawunti esemthethweni ye-Wechat: China Thinktank
Ngomhla zingama-23 kuNdasa, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezamandla Kazwelonke eChina ngokuhlanganyela bakhiphe uhlelo lwesikhathi esimaphakathi neside lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla e-hydrogen (2021-2035) (ngemuva kwalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo), oluchaza amandla. i-hydrogen futhi yahlongoza ukuthi amandla e-hydrogen ayingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwamandla lukazwelonke lwesikhathi esizayo kanye nesiqondiso esibalulekile sezimboni ezintsha zamasu.I-Fuel cell car iyinkambu ehamba phambili yokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen kanye nempumelelo yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni eChina.
Ngo-2021, eqhutshwa inqubomgomo kazwelonke yokubonisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikaphethiloli, izifunda ezinhlanu zasemadolobheni iBeijing, iTianjin, iHebei, iShanghai, iGuangdong, iHebei neHenan zethulwa ngokulandelana, kwaqala ukuboniswa okukhulu nokusebenzisa izimoto eziyi-10000 zamaseli kaphethiloli. ezokwethulwa, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla e-hydrogen eqhutshwa ukuboniswa kwezimoto zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli kanye nokusetshenziswa sekuqalile ukusebenza.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuphinde kwenziwa impumelelo ekusetshenzisweni nasekuhlolweni kwamandla e-hydrogen emikhakheni okungezona ezokuthutha njengensimbi, imboni yamakhemikhali kanye nezokwakha.Ngokuzayo, ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kanye nezimo eziningi zamandla e-hydrogen kuzoletha isidingo esikhulu se-hydrogen.Ngokwesibikezelo se-China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, ngo-2030, isidingo saseShayina se-hydrogen sizofinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-35, futhi amandla e-hydrogen azobala okungenani i-5% yesistimu yamandla yokugcina amandla e-China;Ngo-2050, isidingo se-hydrogen sizobe sesisondele emathani ayizigidi ezingu-60, amandla e-hydrogen athatha ngaphezu kuka-10% wohlelo lwamandla esibulalayo lwaseShayina, kanti inani lonyaka lomkhiqizo we-industrial chain lizofinyelela ku-12 trillion yuan.
Ngokombono wentuthuko yezimboni, imboni yamandla e-hydrogen yaseChina isesigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthuka.Enqubweni yokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen, ukukhombisa nokukhuthazwa, ukuhlinzekwa okunganele kanye nezindleko eziphezulu ze-hydrogen ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla bekulokhu kuyinkinga enzima ekhawulela ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla e-hydrogen yaseChina.Njengesixhumanisi esiyinhloko sokuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen, izinkinga zentengo ephezulu ye-ex-factory kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokugcinwa nezokuthutha ze-hydrogen yemoto zisavelele.
Ngakho-ke, i-China idinga ngokuphuthumayo ukusheshisa ukusungulwa, ukuthandwa kanye nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen engabizi kakhulu, ithuthukise umnotho wesicelo sokubonisa ngokunciphisa izindleko zokunikezwa kwamandla e-hydrogen, ukusekela ukuboniswa okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwezimoto zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli, futhi. bese uqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imboni yamandla e-hydrogen.
Intengo Ephakeme Ye-Hydrojeni Iyinkinga Evelele Ekuthuthukisweni Kwemboni Yamandla E-Hydrogen yaseChina
I-China iyizwe elikhulu elikhiqiza i-hydrogen.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusatshalaliswa ku-petrochemical, amakhemikhali, ama-coking nezinye izimboni.Iningi le-hydrogen elikhiqizwayo lisetshenziswa njengemikhiqizo ephakathi yokucwenga uphethiloli, i-synthetic ammonia, i-methanol neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.Ngokwezibalo ze-China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yamanje e-China cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-33, ikakhulukazi emalahleni, igesi yemvelo kanye namanye amandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokuhlanzwa kwegesi ephuma ezimbonini.Phakathi kwazo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kumalahle kungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-21.34, okubalelwa ku-63.5%.Kulandelwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen ekhiqizwa yizimboni kanye negesi yemvelo ye-hydrogen, ekhipha amathani ayizigidi ezingu-7.08 kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.6 ngokulandelanayo.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen nge-electrolysis yamanzi kuncane kakhulu, cishe amathani angama-500000.
Nakuba inqubo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen yezimboni isivuthiwe, uchungechunge lwezimboni luphelile futhi ukutholwa kulula, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen yamandla kusabhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu.Izindleko eziphezulu zempahla eluhlaza kanye nezindleko zokuhamba zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen ziholela entengo ephezulu yokuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen.Ukuze uthole ukuthandwa okukhulu nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla e-hydrogen, ukhiye uwukugqashula ibhodlela lezindleko eziphezulu zokuthola i-hydrogen nezindleko zokuhamba.Phakathi kwezindlela ezikhona zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen yamalahle ziphansi, kodwa izinga lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni liphezulu.Izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwamandla zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen nge-electrolysis yamanzi ezimbonini ezinkulu ziphezulu.
Ngisho nogesi ophansi, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen zingaphezu kuka-20 yuan/kg.Izindleko eziphansi nezinga eliphansi lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusukela ekushiyeni amandla amandla avuselelekayo kuyisiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthola i-hydrogen esikhathini esizayo.Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe buvuthwa kancane kancane, kodwa indawo yokutholwa ikude kakhulu, izindleko zokuhamba ziphezulu kakhulu, futhi asikho isimo sokuphromotha kanye nesicelo.Ngokombono wokwakhiwa kwezindleko ze-hydrogen, i-30 ~ 45% yenani lentengo yamandla e-hydrogen yizindleko zokuthutha i-hydrogen nokugcwalisa.Ubuchwepheshe obukhona bezokuthutha nge-hydrogen obususelwe kugesi we-hydrogen enengcindezi ephezulu bunomthamo wokuthutha wemoto eyodwa omncane, inani eliphansi lezomnotho lezokuthutha ezihamba amabanga amade, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugcina isimo esiqinile sokuthutha kanye ne-hydrogen enguketshezi abuvuthiwe.Ukukhishwa kwegesi ye-hydrogen esiteshini se-hydrogen refueling kuseyindlela eyinhloko.
Esicacisweni sokuphatha samanje, i-hydrogen isabalwa njengokuphathwa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yezimboni ezinkulu kudinga ukungena epaki lemboni yamakhemikhali.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen enkulu akufani nesidingo se-hydrogen ezimotweni ezihlukaniselwe izindawo, okuholela emananini aphezulu e-hydrogen.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okudidiyelwe kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugcwalisa amafutha kuyadingeka ngokushesha ukuze kuzuzwe impumelelo.Izinga lentengo lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yegesi yemvelo linengqondo, elingakwazi ukubona ukuhlinzekwa ngezinga elikhulu nezinzile.Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezinegesi yemvelo eningi uma kuqhathaniswa, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okudidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi sokugcwalisa igesi esisekelwe kwigesi yemvelo kuyindlela engenzeka yokulethwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nendlela engokoqobo yokukhuthaza isiteshi sokugcwaliswa kwe-hydrogen ukunciphisa izindleko nokuxazulula inkinga enzima yokufaka amafutha kwezinye izindawo. izindawo.Njengamanje, kuneziteshi zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ezifakwe ku-skid ezingaba ngu-237 emhlabeni, ezibalelwa ku-1/3 yenani eliphelele leziteshi zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen zangaphandle.Phakathi kwabo, iJapane, iYurophu, iNyakatho Melika nezinye izifunda zamukela kabanzi imodi yokusebenza yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi sokugcwalisa i-refueling esiteshini.Mayelana nesimo sasekhaya, i-Foshan, i-Weifang, i-Datong, i-Zhangjiakou nezinye izindawo seziqalile ukuhlola ukwakhiwa komshayeli nokusebenza kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye neziteshi zokugcwalisa amafutha.Kungabikezelwa ukuthi ngemva kokuphumelela kokuphathwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nezinqubomgomo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen nemithethonqubo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi sokugcwalisa i-refueling kuyoba yisinqumo esingokoqobo sokusebenza kwezohwebo kwesiteshi se-hydrogen refueling.
Isipiliyoni Kokuqamba Kabusha, Ukuthandwa nokusetshenziswa kweHydrogen Production Technology ye-Ally Hi-Tech
Njengebhizinisi elihamba phambili emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen e-China, i-Ally Hi-Tech ibigxile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezixazululo zamandla amasha kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen kusukela yasungulwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-20.Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe obuncane bokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo ye-hydrogen, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-methanol hydrogen oxidation, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-electrolysis hydrogen bokukhiqiza amanzi, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukubola kwe-ammonia, ubuchwepheshe obuncane be-synthetic ammonia, isiguquli esikhulu se-monomer methanol, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okuhlanganisiwe. kanye nohlelo lwe-hydrogenation, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-hydrogen directional yemoto, impumelelo eminingi yenziwe emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe esezingeni eliphezulu enjengalezi ezibalwe ngenhla.
Qhubeka nokukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni i-hydrogen.
I-Ally Hi-Tech ihlale ithatha ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen njengomgogodla webhizinisi layo, futhi iyaqhubeka nokwenza izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni i-hydrogen njengokuguqulwa kwe-methanol, ukuguqulwa kwegesi yemvelo kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-hydrogen ngendlela ye-PSA.Phakathi kwazo, isethi eyodwa yemishini yokukhiqiza i-methanol yokuguqula i-hydrogen eyakhiwe ngokuzimela futhi eklanywe yinkampani inamandla okukhiqiza i-hydrogen angu-20000 Nm ³/h.Ingcindezi enkulu ifinyelela ku-3.3Mpa, ifinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, ngezinzuzo zokusebenzisa amandla aphansi, ukuphepha nokuthembeka, inqubo elula, engagadiwe nokunye;Le nkampani yenze intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen bokuguqulwa kwegesi yemvelo (indlela ye-SMR).
Ubuchwepheshe bokuguqula ukushintsha kokushisa buyamukelwa, futhi amandla okukhiqiza i-hydrogen esethi eyodwa yezisetshenziswa afinyelela ku-30000Nm ³/h.Ukucindezela okukhulu kungafinyelela ku-3.0MPa, izindleko zokutshala izimali ziyancipha kakhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwegesi yemvelo kuncipha ngo-33%;Mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-press swing adsorption (PSA) ye-hydrogen directional purification, inkampani ithuthukise amasethi aphelele obuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-hydrogen, futhi amandla okukhiqiza i-hydrogen yesethi eyodwa yezinto zokusebenza ngu-100000 Nm ³/h.Ingcindezi enkulu ingu-5.0MPa.Inezici zezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo, ukusebenza okulula, indawo enhle nokuphila isikhathi eside.Isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wokuhlukaniswa kwegesi yezimboni.
Umfanekiso 1: Izinsiza Zokukhiqiza ze-H2 Ihlelwe ngu-Ally Hi-Tech
Kubhekwe ukuthuthukiswa nokukhuthazwa kwemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwamandla e-hydrogen.
Ngenkathi enza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, i-Ally Hi-Tech inaka ekwandiseni ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo emkhakheni wamaseli e-hydrogen fuel cell, ikhuthaza ngenkuthalo i-R & D kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-catalysts, ama-adsorbents, ama-valve okulawula, i-hydrogen encane ye-modular. imishini yokukhiqiza kanye nesistimu yokunikeza amandla kaphethiloli wesikhathi eside, futhi ikhuthaza ngamandla ubuchwepheshe nemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi se-hydrogenation.Mayelana nokukhuthazwa komkhiqizo, iziqu zobungcweti zedizayini yobunjiniyela be-Ally Hi-Tech ziphelele.Izibophezele ekuhlinzekeni imikhiqizo namasevisi esixazululo se-hydrogen ene-stop eyodwa, futhi isicelo semakethe yomkhiqizo sikhuthazwa ngokushesha.
Intuthuko yenziwe ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen.
Njengamanje, amasethi angaphezu kuka-620 okukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nemishini yokuhlanza i-hydrogen akhiwe ngu-Ally Hi-Tech.Phakathi kwazo, u-Ally Hi-Tech ukhuthaze amasethi angaphezu kuka-300 emishini yokukhiqiza i-methanol hydrogen, amasethi angaphezu kuka-100 emishini yokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo i-hydrogen namasethi angaphezu kuka-130 emishini emikhulu yephrojekthi ye-PSA, futhi wenze inqwaba yamaphrojekthi okukhiqiza i-hydrogen. izihloko zezwe.
I-Ally Hi-Tech ibambisene nezinkampani ezidumile ekhaya naphesheya, njengeSinopec, PetroChina, Zhongtai Chemical, Plug Power Inc. America, Air Liquid France, Linde Germany, Praxair America, Iwatani Japan, BP nokunye.Ingenye yamasethi aphelele abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zemishini etholakala kakhulu emkhakheni wemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen emincane naphakathi emhlabeni.Njengamanje, imishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ye-Ally Hi-Tech isithunyelwe emazweni angu-16 nasezifundeni ezifana ne-United States, Japan, South Korea, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan, Myanmar, Thailand kanye neNingizimu Afrika.Ngo-2019, imishini yokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo ye-hydrogen edidiyelwe yesizukulwane sesithathu ye-Ally Hi-Tech yathunyelwa kwa-American Plug Power Inc., eyaklanywa futhi yakhiqizwa ngokuhambisana namazinga aseMelika ngokugcwele, yakha isibonelo semishini yokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo yaseChina ukuze zithunyelwe e-United States.
Umfanekiso 2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nemishini edidiyelwe ye-hydrogenation ethunyelwa ngaphandle ngu-Ally Hi-Tech e-United States.
Ukwakhiwa kweqoqo lokuqala lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nesiteshi esihlanganisiwe se-hydrogenation.
Ngenxa yezinkinga ezingokoqobo zemithombo engazinzile kanye namanani aphezulu e-hydrogen yamandla, i-Ally High-Tech izibophezele ekukhuthazeni ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen obudidiyelwe kakhulu, nokusebenzisa uhlelo olukhona olukhona oluvuthiwe lokuhlinzeka nge-methanol, inethiwekhi yamapayipi egesi yemvelo, i-CNG kanye Iziteshi zokugcwalisa i-LNG ukuze zakhe kabusha futhi zandise ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi sokuthela amafutha.NgoSepthemba 2021, isiteshi sokuqala sasekhaya esididiyelwe sokukhiqiza igesi yemvelo i-hydrogen kanye nesiteshi se-hydrogenation ngaphansi kwenkontileka evamile ye-Ally Hi-Tech saqala ukusebenza esiteshini se-Foshan gas Nanzhuang hydrogenation.
Lesi siteshi siklanywe ngesethi eyodwa ye-1000kg / ngosuku igesi yemvelo eguqula igesi ye-hydrogen kanye nesethi eyodwa yeyunithi yokukhiqiza ye-hydrogen engu-100kg / ngosuku, enamandla yangaphandle ye-hydrogenation engu-1000kg / ngosuku.Kuyinto evamile "ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen + ukucindezela + isitoreji + ukugcwalisa" isiteshi esihlanganisiwe se-hydrogenation.Ihamba phambili ekusebenziseni imvelo-friendly lokushisa ububanzi catalyst catalyst kanye nesiqondiso co co purification ubuchwepheshe embonini, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ukukhiqizwa hydrogen ngo-3% futhi kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa amandla ukukhiqizwa hydrogen.Isiteshi sinokuhlangana okuphezulu, indawo encane yaphansi kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen edidiyelwe kakhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen esiteshini kunciphisa izixhumanisi zokuthutha i-hydrogen kanye nezindleko zokugcina i-hydrogen nezokuthutha, okunciphisa ngokuqondile izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen.Isiteshi sigcine isixhumi esibonakalayo sangaphandle, esingagcwalisa ama-trailer amashubhu amade futhi sisebenze njengesiteshi esingumzali ukuze sinikeze umthombo we-hydrogen weziteshi ezizungezile ze-hydrogenation, sakhe isiteshi esihlanganisiwe somzali omncane we-hydrogenation.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi siteshi sokukhiqiza i-hydrogen esididiyelwe kanye nesiteshi se-hydrogenation singabuye sakhiwe kabusha futhi sandiswe ngokusekelwe ohlelweni olukhona lokusabalalisa i-methanol, inethiwekhi yamapayipi egesi yemvelo nezinye izinsiza, kanye neziteshi zegesi kanye neziteshi zokugcwalisa i-CNG & LNG, okulula ukuyikhuthaza futhi. sebenzisa.
Umfanekiso 3 Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okudidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi se-hydrogenation eNanzhuang, Foshan, Guangdong
Ihola ngenkuthalo emisha yemboni, ukukhuthazwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kanye nokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe nokubambisana.
Njengebhizinisi elibalulekile lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu boHlelo Lwethoshi lukazwelonke, ibhizinisi elisha elibonisa umnotho esiFundazweni saseSichuan kanye nebhizinisi elisha elikhethekile nelikhethekile esiFundazweni saseSichuan, i-Ally Hi-Tech ihola ngenkuthalo ukuqanjwa kabusha kwemboni futhi ikhuthaza ukuhwebelana nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.Kusukela ngo-2005, i-Ally Hi-Tech ihlinzeke ngokulandelana ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen kanye nemishini kumaphrojekthi amakhulu kazwelonke angama-863 - i-Shanghai Anting hydrogen refueling station, i-Beijing Olympic Olympic refueling station kanye ne-Shanghai World Expo hydrogen refueling station, futhi yahlinzeka ngawo wonke amaphrojekthi esiteshi sokukhiqiza i-hydrogen. wesikhungo sokwethulwa komkhathi saseChina esinamazinga aphezulu.
Njengelungu leNational Hydrogen Energy Standardization Committee, u-Ally Hi-Tech uye wabamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekwakhiweni kohlelo olujwayelekile lwamandla e-hydrogen ekhaya naphesheya, wahola ukubhalwa kwezinga elilodwa lezwe le-hydrogen energy, futhi wabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwamazinga ayisikhombisa kazwelonke. kanye nezinga elilodwa lamazwe ngamazwe.Ngaso leso sikhathi, u-Ally Hi-Tech uye wakhuthaza ukuhwebelana nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, wasungula i-Chengchuan Technology Co., Ltd. eJapane, wasungula isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa kwe-SOFC kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene, futhi wenza ukubambisana nezinkampani. e-United States, eJalimane naseJapane emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen entsha ye-electrolysis yamanzi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuncane be-synthetic ammonia.Ngamalungelo obunikazi angama-45 avela e-China, e-United States kanye nase-European Union, i-Ally Hi-Tech iyibhizinisi elijwayelekile elisekelwe kubuchwepheshe neligxile ekuthekeliseni.
Isiphakamiso Senqubomgomo
Ngokwalokhu kuhlaziya okungenhla, okusekelwe ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, i-Ally Hi-Tech yenze intuthuko ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukukhuthazwa nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye nesiteshi sokuthela amafutha. , okubaluleke kakhulu ekusungulweni okuzimele kobuchwepheshe baseShayina kwamandla e-hydrogen kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen yamandla.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukutholakala kwamandla e-hydrogen, kusheshiswe ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yokuphakela amandla e-hydrogen ephephile, ezinzile futhi ephumelelayo futhi kwakhiwe uhlelo lokukhiqiza i-hydrogen oluhlanzekile, olunekhabhoni ephansi futhi olungabizi kakhulu, i-China idinga ukuqinisa ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen futhi ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, ukunqamula izithiyo zezinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo, futhi kukhuthaze amathuluzi amasha namamodeli anamandla emakethe ukuthi azame kuqala.Ngokuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo ezisekelayo kanye nokwenza kahle isimo sezimboni, sizosiza imboni yamandla e-hydrogen yase-China ithuthuke ngekhwalithi ephezulu futhi sisekele ngokunamandla ukuguqulwa kwamandla aluhlaza.
Thuthukisa uhlelo lwenqubomgomo yemboni yamandla e-hydrogen.
Njengamanje, "izinqubomgomo zokubeka amasu kanye nokusekela imboni ye-hydrogen energy" isikhishiwe, kodwa isiqondiso esithile sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-hydrogen energy ayikacaciswanga.Ukuze kwephule izithiyo zesikhungo kanye nezingqinamba zenqubomgomo yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, i-China idinga ukuqinisa ukusungulwa kwenqubomgomo, ukwenza izinkambiso zokuphatha amandla e-hydrogen ephelele, icacise izinqubo zokuphatha nezikhungo zokuphatha zokulungiselela, ukugcinwa, ezokuthutha nokugcwalisa, nokusebenzisa izibopho ze umnyango obhekele ezokuphepha.Namathela kumodeli yesicelo sokukhombisa ukushayela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, futhi ukhuthaze ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kokubonisa okuhlukahlukene kwamandla e-hydrogen kwezokuthutha, ukugcinwa kwamandla, amandla asabalalisiwe nokunye.
Yakha uhlelo lokuphakela amandla e-hydrogen ngokwezimo zendawo.
Ohulumeni basekhaya kufanele bacabangele ngokugcwele umthamo wokuphakelwa kwamandla e-hydrogen, isisekelo sezimboni nendawo yemakethe esifundeni, ngokusekelwe enzuzweni yezinsiza ezikhona nezingase zibe khona, bakhethe izindlela ezifanele zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ngokuvumelana nezimo zendawo, benze ukwakhiwa komthamo wesiqinisekiso sokuphakelwa kwamandla e-hydrogen. , beka kuqala ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen yomkhiqizo wezimboni, futhi ugxile ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kumandla avuselelekayo.Khuthaza izifunda ezifanelekayo ukuthi zibambisane ngokusebenzisa imigudu eminingi ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla e-hydrogen enekhabhoni ephansi, ephephile, ezinzile futhi enomnotho ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokuphakelwa kwemithombo emikhulu ye-hydrogen.
Ukwandisa ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen.
Gxila ekuthuthukiseni i-R & D, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimboni kwemishini ebalulekile yokuhlanza i-hydrogen nokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, futhi kwakhiwe uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezinga eliphezulu lemikhiqizo yempahla yamandla e-hydrogen ngokuthembela emabhizinisini anenzuzo ochungechungeni lwezimboni.Sekela amabhizinisi aholayo emkhakheni wokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ukuthi ahole, abeke amapulatifomu emisha njengesikhungo sokuqamba kabusha sezimboni, isikhungo socwaningo lobunjiniyela, isikhungo sokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe kanye nesikhungo sokukhiqiza emisha, ukubhekana nezinkinga ezibalulekile zemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukwesekwa "okukhethekile nokusha okukhethekile." "Amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo ukuthi abambe iqhaza ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bemishini yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, futhi ahlakulele inqwaba yamabhizinisi angompetha abanekhono eliqinile elizimele lobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo.
Qinisa ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye neziteshi ze-hydrogenation.
Uhlelo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlola amamodeli amasha afana neziteshi ze-hydrogen ezihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, isitoreji kanye ne-hydrogenation esiteshini, sidinga ukuphula izithiyo zenqubomgomo ekwakhiweni kweziteshi ezihlanganisiwe ezivela empandeni.Yethula umthetho kazwelonke wamandla ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unqume isibaluli samandla e-hydrogen kusuka ezingeni eliphezulu.Phula imikhawulo ekwakhiweni kweziteshi ezididiyelwe, ukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen edidiyelwe kanye neziteshi ze-hydrogenation, futhi wenze umbukiso wokuhlola wokwakhiwa nokusebenza kweziteshi ezihlanganisiwe ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe ngokomnotho ezinemithombo yegesi yemvelo enothile.Ukuhlinzeka ngoxhaso lwezezimali lokwakhiwa nokusebenza kweziteshi ezihlanganisiwe ezihlangabezana nezidingo zomnotho wamanani kanye namazinga okukhishwa kwekhabhoni, ukusekela amabhizinisi ahamba phambili afanele ukuthi afake izicelo zamabhizinisi kazwelonke "akhethekile nabakhethekile", futhi athuthukise ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphepha namazinga e-hydrogen ehlanganisiwe. iziteshi zokukhiqiza kanye ne-hydrogenation.
Yenza ukukhombisa nokukhuthaza amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha.
Khuthaza ukusungulwa kwemodeli yebhizinisi ngendlela yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen edidiyelwe eziteshini, iziteshi eziphelele zokuphakela amandla kawoyela, i-hydrogen nogesi, kanye nokusebenza okudidiyelwe "kwe-hydrogen, izimoto neziteshi".Ezindaweni ezinenani elikhulu lezimoto zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli kanye nokucindezela okukhulu ekunikezeni i-hydrogen, sizohlola iziteshi ezididiyelwe zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kanye ne-hydrogenation kusuka kugesi yemvelo, futhi sikhuthaze izindawo ezinamanani anengqondo egesi yemvelo kanye nokusebenza kokubonisa kwezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli.Ezindaweni ezinemithombo eminingi yomoya kanye ne-hydropower kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen, yakha iziteshi zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ezididiyelwe kanye neziteshi ze-hydrogenation ezinamandla avuselelekayo, kancane kancane andise isikali sokubonisa, yenza isipiliyoni esiphindaphindekayo nesithandwa abantu, futhi usheshise ukuncishiswa kwekhabhoni kanye nezindleko ze-hydrogen yamandla.
(Umbhali: ithimba labacwaningi bemboni yesikhathi esizayo ye-Beijing Yiwei Zhiyuan Information Consulting Center)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-29-2022
